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Python Basics: Syntax, Types and Control Flow

Everything you need to start writing real Python programs.

Last updated July 19, 2026

In this guide

  1. 1. Variables and types
  2. 2. Control flow
  3. 3. Functions

1.Variables and types

Python is dynamically typed. Common types include int, float, str, bool, list, dict and tuple.

2.Control flow

Use if/elif/else, for loops over iterables, and while loops for indefinite iteration. Indentation defines blocks.

3.Functions

Define reusable behavior with def. Functions can take positional and keyword arguments and return any value.